Transformer
A transformer may be a static
(or stationary) piece of apparatus by means of which electrical power in one
circuit is transformed into electrical power of an equivalent frequency in
another circuit. It can raise or lower the voltage during a circuit but with a
corresponding decrease or increase in current. The physical basis of a
transformer is mutual induction between to circuits linked by a standard
magnetic flux. In its simplest form, it consists of two inductive coils which
are electrically separated but magnetically linked through a path of low
reluctance as within the transformer. The two coils possess high coefficient of
mutual induction. If one coil is connected to a source of alternating voltage,
an alternating flux is about up within the laminated core, most of which is
linked with the opposite coil during which it produces mutually induced e.m.f.
(according to faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction e=MdI/dt). If the
second coil circuit is closed, a current flows in it then electric energy is
transferred from the primary coil to the second coil. The primary coil, during
which electric energy is fed from the AC supply mains, is named primary coil
and therefore the other from which energy is drawn out, is named secondary coil
. In brief, a transformer may be a device that
1. Transfer electrical power form one circuit to a different
2. It does so without a
change of frequency
3. It accomplishes this by
electromagnetic induction and
4. Where the two electric
circuits are in mutual inductive influence of every other.
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